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Element:

M.1. A crime within the jurisdiction of Court was attempted or committed by a person or persons other than the perpetrator, with or without the participation of the perpetrator

M.1.1. A principal crime was committed or attempted

M.1.2. A principal crime was committed by a person or persons other than the perpetrator

The Blaškić Trial Chamber stated that:

"in general, a person other than the person who planned, instigated or ordered is the one who perpetrated the actus reus of the offence. In so doing he must have acted in furtherance of a plan or order."[1]

The Blaškić Trial Chamber claimed that:

"what is important is the commander’s mens rea, not that of the subordinate executing the order"."[2]

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